"Antitrust Law" into effect on August 1 has aroused widespread concern and discussion. This "economic constitution" China's current economic situation will have much impact? "Market News" interview of the Capital University of Economics economic legal experts, Beijing law firm asked the days Xing.
Some scholars believe that the recent economic situation has little effect on
銆怋ackground Information銆?br />
"The People's Republic of China anti-monopoly law" (the "Antitrust Law") since August 1, 2008 shall come into force, is divided into eight chapters 57, including: General, monopoly agreements, abuse of dominant market position, business concentration abuse of administrative power to exclude, restrict competition, the investigation of the alleged monopolistic behavior, legal liability and supplementary provisions.
"Antitrust Law" and has four major tasks in respect of the prohibition of abuse of dominant market position, and second, merger control, three are against cartels (agreements restricting competition), four anti-administrative monopoly. Its purpose is to prevent and stop the monopoly and protect fair competition, improve economic efficiency, protect consumer interests and public interests, promote the healthy development of socialist market economy.
"Antitrust Law" has become the world market to maintain fair competition and economic order of the cornerstones of nearly 90 countries around the world have enacted and implemented the "anti-monopoly law."
Matching rules are important
"Anti-monopoly law," legal provisions are very broad, principled, and easy changes, the real guide is the matching requirements of law enforcement. The matching requirements of the development will be a long and continuous process of adjustment.
Many scholars believe that China's "anti-monopoly law" is overly simple. But Zhang is not the case that economic law expert, told the "market report" describes the U.S. anti-trust law.
From the United States the world's first anti-monopoly law is enacted and implemented in 1890 the Sherman Act. 1865 After the Civil War, the establishment of a unified national market and promote the emergence and development of monopolies, so that the general loss of vitality of the market. In 1914, the United States enacted the Clayton Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act as a supplement the Sherman Act. The three laws established the basic framework of American antitrust.
U.S. antitrust law enforcement agencies initially the Ministry of Justice Antitrust Division, established in 1914 the Federal Trade Commission, Antitrust Division, together with an anti-monopoly law enforcement subjects. Although there are two different functions, but not for special distinction between the functions.杩欎簩鑰呬腑鐨勪换浣曚竴涓満鏋勯兘鍙互鍗曠嫭瀹炴柦璋冩煡鍜屽缃氾紝鑰屼笖涓?釜鏈烘瀯涓?棪鍙楃悊涓?釜鐗瑰畾妗堜緥灏卞繀椤诲瀹冭礋璐ｅ埌搴曘?鏍规嵁缇庡浗鐨勮瀹氾紝鍙嶅瀯鏂湁涓ょ閫斿緞锛屼竴鏄彲浠ラ?杩囩浜烘皯浜嬭瘔璁奸?寰勮繘琛岋紝杩欑鎯呭喌涓嬩笉闇?缁忚繃鍙嶆墭鎷夋柉灞?垨鑱旈偊璐告槗濮斿憳浼氥?鍙︿竴绉嶅父鐢ㄧ殑鏂瑰紡灏辨槸鍚戜笂杩颁袱涓富绠℃満鏋勪腑鐨勪换浣曚竴涓妇鎶ワ紝鐢卞彈鐞嗙殑鏈烘瀯瀹炴柦璋冩煡鍜屽缃氱殑鑱岃矗锛屼篃鍙彁璧锋皯浜嬭瘔璁笺?
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銆??鈥滅壒鎬р?瀵艰嚧鎵ц鏍囧噯妯＄硦
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銆??寮犲叴鍚戣鑰呬粙缁嶏紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鐨勬墽琛屽叿鏈夌浉褰撳ぇ鐨勯毦搴︼紝鍥犱负瀹冩墍娑夊強鐨勯棶棰橀潪甯稿鏉傦紝寰堝娉曞緥姒傚康闅句互鐣屽畾锛屾瘮濡傛渶甯哥敤鐨勨?鐩稿叧甯傚満鈥濄?鈥滃競鍦烘敮閰嶅湴浣嶁?鍜屸?鎴愭湰鈥濓紝鐪嬩技鍙槸绠?崟浜嬪疄锛屽叾瀹為兘鏆楄棌鐜勬満銆?br />
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銆??涓ゅぇ闂鏄棁缁?br />
銆??闄や簡鍙楃粡娴庢?娼奖鍝嶄互澶栵紝鐢变簬澶繃澶嶆潅锛屻?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬫墽琛屾垚鏈繃楂樸?
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銆??銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?浣滀负涓?儴缁忔祹瀹硶锛屽畠涓庛?鍒戞硶銆嬨?銆婃皯娉曘?绛夌殑涓嶅悓鍦ㄤ簬锛屽叾鏈夊緢澶х殑涓嶇‘瀹氭?锛屻?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬬殑鎵ц鍔涘害鏇村鍦板彈鍒颁笉鍚屾椂浠ｇぞ浼氱粡娴庢?娼殑褰卞搷銆傗?浠庡巻鍙蹭笂鍥為【锛屽悇绉嶆?娼互鍙婂嚭鐜板湪銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?涓殑鎵ц缁嗗垯閮芥湁鍓嶅悗涓嶄竴鑷寸殑鎯呭喌锛岀敋鑷虫湁浜涗簰鐩稿啿绐併?鈥濇瘮濡傚竷鏈楅瀷鍏徃鐨勫悎骞舵渚嬶紝鍦ㄥ綋鏃舵姷鍒剁粡娴庨泦涓?鎭㈠甯傚満娲诲姏鐨勫ぇ鑳屾櫙涓嬶紝瀹℃煡鐨勭粨鏋滄槸涓嶅厑璁稿崰鍏ㄥ浗闉嬩骇閲?%鐨勫竷鏈楅瀷鍏徃涓庝竴涓粎鍗犳湁0.5%浜ч噺鐨勫叕鍙稿悎骞?涓よ?鍚堝苟鍚庡崰闆跺敭甯傚満鐨?.3%)锛屼絾鍦?0涓栫邯80骞翠唬鏀炬澗鏍囧噯鍚庯紝绫讳技甯冩湕闉嬪叕鍙哥殑鎯呭喌灏卞嚑涔庝笉鍙兘鍐嶅彂鐢熶簡銆?br />
銆??鈥滈殢鐫?斂娌诲拰绀句細鐘跺喌鐨勬敼鍙橈紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鎵?拷姹傜殑姝ｄ箟鐨勬爣鍑嗘槸涓嶇‘瀹氱殑锛屸?寮犲叴璇淬?閫氬父鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鏀厤鐫?粡娴庢?娼殑鏈変袱绉嶄富瑕佹?鎯筹紝涓?璁や负鍙嶅瀯鏂殑浣滅敤鍦ㄤ簬浠庣粡娴庤鑼冧笂骞宠 鏀挎不绀句細鍙戝睍鐨勫け琛°?姣斿缇庡浗寮?鍙嶅澶т紒涓氱殑鍨勬柇锛屽叾娣卞眰鐨勫師鍥犳槸澶у瀷浼佷笟閫氳繃閲戦挶鏀挎不鐨勬墜娈靛奖鍝嶅埌浜嗙編鍥界殑姘戜富鏀挎不锛屼负浜嗘姂鍒剁粡娴庢潈鍔涘悜鏀挎不娓楅?锛屽湪鐜版湁鍒跺害妗嗘灦鍐呮崓鍗斂娌绘皯涓讳笌涓汉鑷敱锛屽弽鍨勬柇鎴愪负涓?蹇呰鑰屼笖鏈夊姏鐨勭粡娴庢墜娈碉紝骞朵笖浠ユ硶寰嬪舰寮忓浐瀹氫簡涓嬫潵銆?br />
銆??鍦ㄦ垜鍥斤紝鎸佽繖绉嶈鐐圭殑瀛﹁?鍜屽悇鐣屼汉澹篃涓嶅湪灏戞暟銆備粬浠涓猴紝鍙備笌涓?釜鐩稿叧甯傚満鐨勭珵浜夎?鏁伴噺浠ュ強杩涘叆璇ョ浉鍏冲競鍦虹殑闅炬槗绋嬪害锛屾棦鏄槸鍚﹂?杩囧競鍦虹珵浜変績杩涜祫婧愬悎鐞嗛厤缃殑閲嶈琛￠噺鎸囨爣锛屽張鏄 閲忕粡娴庡仴搴枫?绀句細缁撴瀯绋冲畾鐨勯噸瑕佽 閲忔寚鏍囥?
銆??闄や簡鍙楃粡娴庢?娼奖鍝嶄互澶栵紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鐨勫彟涓?釜鐥囩粨鍦ㄤ簬瀹冪殑鎵ц鎴愭湰杩囬珮銆傜敱浜庡お杩囧鏉傦紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鎵ц鐨勬垚鏈篃灏辫繃楂樸?渚嬪锛岀編鍥藉徃娉曢儴瀵笽BM鐨勮瘔璁间粠1969骞存寔缁埌1982骞达紝鏈?粓浠ュ徃娉曢儴鎾よ瘔缁撴潫(鍏堕棿杩樻湁涓?簺鍏徃瀵笽BM鎻愯捣姘戜簨璇夎)銆傚崄浣欏勾鐨勮皟鏌ユ椂闂翠腑甯傚満鏍煎眬宸茬粡鍑虹幇浜嗗法澶х殑鍙樺寲锛屽師鍏堝彲鑳芥瀯鎴愬瀯鏂殑浼佷笟鐨勫競鍦轰唤棰濆凡缁忓嚭鐜颁簡宸ㄥぇ鍙樺寲銆傜敱姝ゅ彲瑙侊紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鐨勮皟鏌ヨ繃绋嬩箣澶嶆潅鍜屾垚鏈箣楂樻槀銆?br />
銆??鈥滄爣鏉嗕綔鐢ㄢ?褰卞搷鏇存繁杩?br />
銆??涓浗灏界鍒氬垰瀹炴柦銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?锛屼絾鍙嶅瀯鏂殑鏂椾簤鍗翠笉鏄垰鍒氬紑濮嬨?
銆??寮犲叴璁や负锛屻?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬪湪鐭湡鍐呴璁′笉浼氬鎴戝浗鐜拌缁忔祹閫犳垚澶ぇ瀹炶川褰卞搷銆傚彲浠ョ湅鍒帮紝銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?瀵瑰ぇ鍨嬪浗鏈変紒涓氬苟涓嶅叿鏈変粈涔堢害鏉熷姏锛屸?鎴戝浗鐨勬墍鏈夊埗鏄浗鏈変紒涓氫富瀵肩殑锛屽儚鐭虫补銆侀搧璺竴绫荤殑鍥芥皯缁忔祹鍛借剦锛屼互鍙婂浗瀹剁壒璁哥粡钀ョ殑浜у搧锛屽鐑熻崏绛夐兘鏄敱鍥芥湁浼佷笟鐢熶骇鍜岀粡钀ョ殑锛岃繖鏄鍚堜腑鍥藉埗搴﹀熀纭?殑锛屽綋鐒朵篃涓嶆槸涓?儴銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?浼氭敼鍙樼殑銆傗?
銆??姝ゅ锛屼腑鍥藉敖绠″垰鍒氬疄鏂姐?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬶紝浣嗗弽鍨勬柇鐨勬枟浜夊嵈涓嶆槸鍒氬垰寮?銆傛棭鍦ㄣ?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬩箣鍓嶏紝銆婂弽涓嶆褰撶珵浜夋硶銆嬬瓑娉曞緥灏变竴鐩磋捣浜嗗弽鍨勬柇鐨勬硶寰嬫?鏂囦欢鐨勮鑹诧紝鑰屻?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬩腑鐩稿綋澶т竴閮ㄥ垎鐨勫唴瀹逛笌銆婂弽涓嶆褰撶珵浜夋硶銆嬩腑鐨勫唴瀹规湁鎵?噸鍚堬紝鎵?互鏂版硶寰嬬殑瀹炴柦鏈変竴瀹氱殑杩炵画鎬э紝鍦ㄧ煭鏃舵湡鍐呬笉搴旇閫犳垚寰堝ぇ鐨勫疄闄呭奖鍝嶃?
銆??浠庢潯鏂囧唴瀹规潵鐪嬶紝鈥滀腑鍥界殑銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?姣旇緝骞宠 鍜屽叏闈紝鏃㈤潪淇濆畧涔熶笉婵?繘锛岃兘鍙嶆槧鍑哄綋浠婅緝杩涙鐨勫弽鍨勬柇鎬濇疆銆傗?浣嗘棤璁烘槸涓浗涔熷ソ锛屽彂灞曚簡鐧句綑骞寸殑瑗挎柟鍙嶅瀯鏂枟浜変篃濂斤紝閮藉悓鏍烽潰涓寸潃鎵ф硶閰嶅娉曡鍒跺畾鐨勫洶澧冦?杩欐槸鐢便?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬫湰韬秹鍙婇鍩熷拰闂澶嶆潅鎬у喅瀹氱殑锛屽敖绠″畠鐪嬩笂鍘讳粎浠呮槸涓?釜娉曞緥闂锛屼絾浜嬪疄涓婂嵈涓庣粡娴庡浠ュ強鍚勭绀句細鏀挎不闂浜ゆ潅姣楄繛銆傝繖浜涢棶棰樺湪鐭湡涔嬪唴閮戒笉鑳藉緱鍒版敼鍠勶紝蹇呴』绾冲叆鑰冭檻鐨勮寖鍥达紝鎵?互銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鐨勬墽琛屽疄闄呬笂鏄竴涓洶闅鹃噸閲嶇殑浠诲姟銆傝瀹㈣鍜屽叏闈㈠湴鐪嬪緟銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?锛屽簲璇ラ鍏堣璇嗗埌锛屽弽鍨勬柇鏂椾簤鏈韩鏄竴涓笎杩涚殑杩囩▼銆傞殢鐫?弽鍨勬柇鐨勬瀛愪笉鏂嚭鐜帮紝浼氬浼佷笟閫犳垚蹇冪悊涓婄殑褰卞搷锛岃瀹冧滑鎶婄害鏉熻嚜韬殑琛屼负鎻愪笂鏃ョ▼锛岃?鍙告硶娓犻亾鎵?捣鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ彲鑳借繕娌℃湁杩欑娉曞緥濞佹厬鐨勫奖鍝嶅箍娉涘拰蹇?銆?br />
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